Įvykiai¶
Event |
Description |
Date |
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|---|---|---|---|
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All Souls‘ Night 1345: Algirdas, Kęstutis, and the Krivis swear the Silent Pact at Šventaragis. |
1345 |
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Algirdas and Kęstutis depose Jaunutis in winter 1344/45 and establish the co-ruling diarchy. The saga’s invented November 1345 Pact is a later event. |
1345 |
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Kęstutis abducts and marries Birutė, sacred vaidilutė of Palanga (c. 1350). |
1350 |
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Alf (Adolfas) removed bricks over months; Kęstutis broke through the wall, dropped into the dry moat, rode out as a knight; on foot over the Drwęca to Mazovia. Capture: Lake Ublik, March 1361. |
1361-11-11 |
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Capture 21 Mar 1361 (Wigand; Wartberge: 13 Mar). A small returning band of knights fell on his camp; he was over sixty. Held about half a year. |
1361-03-21 |
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Algirdas dies in May 1377; cremated with 18 battle chargers in the sacred grove. |
1377 |
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The Order’s informant to Kęstutis in Aug 1381: Kuno von Liebenstein (not Hohenstein). |
1380-05-31 |
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Kęstutis discovers Dovydiškės, seizes Vilnius in autumn 1381, and deposes Jogaila. |
1381 |
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Hanulas and German merchants open Vilnius to Jogaila on 12 June 1382. |
1382-06-12 |
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Kęstutis & Vytautas lured to Jogaila’s camp near Trakai and arrested |
3 Aug 1382, after Trakai fell on 20 Jul. Book I stages it at the camp: the Iron Gates are the camp palisade gate, the Feast of Silence is held in a requisitioned Trakai manor. Kęstutis’s body is burned in Vilnius. |
1382-08-03 |
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Kęstutis is strangled in Krėva dungeon on 15 August 1382; breaks Pact clause 2. |
1382-08-15 |
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Birutė binds Vytautas with a Senovės Sutartis and passes him the flame promise (1382). |
1382 |
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Lightning strikes Krėva tower; Perkūnas marks Vytautas as his tool of vengeance. |
1382 |
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Vytautas escapes Krėva disguised in Ona’s maid’s clothes in late autumn 1382. |
1382 |
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Eglė guides the hunted Vytautas across the treacherous Dykra wilderness to Mazovia. |
1382 |
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Trakai fell on 20 Jul 1382; Skirgaila duke of Trakai 1382-92 (VLE). The 1384 settlement (ch. 28) only confirms it; Jogaila promised it to Vytautas in spring 1384. |
1382-07 |
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The Beggar (Velnias / Henė) turns Kęstutis’s coin to stone on the road to Jogaila’s camp (1382). |
1382 |
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Vytautas and Ona shelter at the court of Janusz I in Masovia after escaping Krėva (1382). |
1382 |
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Vytautas appears before Grand Master Zöllner in Marienburg to request crusader assistance (1382). |
1382 |
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Vytautas accepts tactical baptism as ‚Wigand‘ at Tapiau on 21 October 1383. |
1383-10-21 |
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Treaty of Königsberg: Vytautas signs away Samogitia to secure Teutonic military aid. |
1384-01-30 |
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Vytautas turns on the Order, burning crusader fortresses along the Nemunas in July 1384. |
1384-07 |
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Vytautas and Jogaila swear a fragile truce amidst the scorched ruins in autumn 1384. |
1384 |
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Birutė walks into the Baltic waves at Palanga, paying the Amber Debt (autumn 1384). |
1384 |
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Act of Krėva: Jogaila agrees to marry Jadwiga, Christianize Lithuania, and rule Poland (1385). |
1385-08-14 |
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Jogaila is baptised Władysław, marries Jadwiga, and is crowned King of Poland in Kraków. |
1386-02-15 |
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Spring 1387: formal Christian baptism of Lithuania; Šventaragis flame officially extinguished. |
1387 |
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Night of the 1387 baptism: Vytautas secretly rekindles the Last Flame in the ruins. |
1387 |
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Vytautas defects to the Teutonic Order a second time after Jogaila fails to return Trakai (1390). |
1389 |
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Siege of Vilnius (11 Sep - 7 Oct); Crooked Castle falls 16 Sep |
Only the Crooked Castle fell; the Lower and Upper Castles held. Tautvilas killed by a crossbow bolt; Karigaila died in the fall. |
1390-09-11 |
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Signed by Marquard von Salzbach, komtur Arnold von Bürglen and Thomas son of Survila. Hostages: Žygimantas, Ona, Sofija, Rymgailė, Ivan Olshanski and other nobles. |
1390-01-19 |
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Vytautas’s hostage sons poisoned (Grunau tradition, contested) |
Tradition: the Order’s revenge after the break, before Ostrów (4 Aug 1392). |
1392-07 |
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Pact of Ostrów: Vytautas reconciled with Jogaila, becoming actual ruler of Lithuania (1392). |
1392-08-04 |
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Summer 1392; no source gives a day (the saga’s Rasos night is invention). |
1392-07 |
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Skirgaila dies mysteriously in Kyiv in January 1397, suspected of being poisoned. |
1397 |
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Treaty of Salynas (1398): Vytautas cedes Samogitia to the Order to secure his southern crusade. |
1398-10-12 |
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Battle of the Vorskla (12 Aug 1399): catastrophic defeat of Vytautas by the Golden Horde. |
1399-08-12 |
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Queen Jadwiga of Poland dies in childbirth on 17 July 1399; the White Silence deepens. |
1399-07-17 |
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Pact of Vilnius-Radom (1401): confirms Vytautas as Grand Duke for life. |
1401 |
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22-23 May 1404 (en.wikipedia 22nd, VLE 23rd). The insult to Birutė after the peace is attested for Marquard (en.wikipedia, citing Ekdahl). |
1404-05-22 |
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Battle of Grunwald (15 July 1410): allied Polish-Lithuanian triumph over the Teutonic Order. |
1410-07-15 |
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Prefabricated near Kozienice in winter-spring 1410, floated down, assembled in about half a day on 30 Jun; the king and most Lesser Poland troops crossed that day, the Lithuanians arrived the same day (en.wikipedia, Czerwińsk Floating Bridge). |
1410-06-30 |
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Union of Horodło (1413): Polish heraldic adoption of Lithuanian boyars; Samogitian baptism begins. |
1413-10-02 |
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Established on the Council of Constance’s directions on 24 Oct 1417; first bishop Matthias of Trakai (Motiejus Trakiškis), 1417-22. The saga makes it the end of the Hidden Groves. |
1417-10-24 |
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Grand Duchess Ona dies in Trakai on 31 July 1418; the saga invents her final words and letter. |
1418-07-31 |
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Congress of Lutsk (Jan 1429): Sigismund, King of the Romans, proposes crowning Vytautas King of Lithuania. |
1429 |
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Crown embassy blocked at the Polish border (Aug 1430); Vytautas refuses Henė |
August 1430: preliminary couriers are robbed; the later crown embassy turns back. Henė’s leaf-filled chest is the saga’s deliberate invention. |
1430 |
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Vytautas dies at Trakai on 27 October 1430; the secret Last Flame goes out. |
1430-10-27 |
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Polish magnates seize Podolia immediately following Vytautas’s death in late 1430. |
1430-11 |
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Treaty of Christmemel (1431): Švitrigaila allies with the Teutonic Order against Poland. |
1431-06-19 |
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Agreement reached 26 Aug 1431; Švitrigaila issued the Czartorysk document on 1 Sep and Jogaila his on 2 Sep (Polechow and Szybkowski, Roczniki Historyczne 83, 2017). Dated 1 Sep; runs to 24 Jun 1433. |
1431-09-01 |
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Žygimantas stages a night coup against Švitrigaila at Ašmena on 31 August 1432. |
1432-08-31 |
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Grodno: Žygimantas sworn Grand Duke before Oleśnicki (Jogaila absent) |
Treaty of Grodno (1432): Žygimantas recognized as Grand Duke under Polish suzerainty. |
1432-10-15 |
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Battle of Ašmena (Dec 1432): Žygimantas repulses Švitrigaila’s initial counter-attack. |
1432-12-08 |
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King Jogaila dies at Gródek on 1 June 1434 at the age of seventy-two. |
1434-06-01 |
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Late April 1434; Długosz’s story of the king standing at night to hear the nightingales. The saga’s cold-and-silence frame around it is invention. |
1434-04 |
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Battle by Lake Žirnajai and the Žirnaja stream. Mykolas Žygimantaitis commanded with Polish support; Kerskorff was killed. Žygimantas Kaributaitis was wounded and died in captivity under unclear circumstances. |
1435-09-01 |
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Peace of Brest (Brześć Kujawski): the Order drops Švitrigaila |
Peace of Brest (Dec 1435): Teutonic Order forced to abandon Švitrigaila after Pabaiskas. |
1435-12-31 |
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Feb 1437, Vilnius. The Counter: „one coin reached a person“. The beggar is not named; read as Dievas. |
1437 |
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Žygimantas is assassinated in Trakai Peninsula Castle on Palm Sunday, 20 March 1440. |
1440-03-20 |
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Casimir’s Privilege of 1447 confirms Lithuanian territorial integrity and noble rights. |
1447-05-02 |
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Driftwood fire on the longest night; the Amber Queen speaks through the pebble. |
1449-12-12 |
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Early March 1450. The sea takes the kneeling statue (Book V ch. 29). |
1450-03 |
